CSS Demystified: A Quick Glance Cheat Sheet!


Overview


A CSS cheat sheet is a quick reference guide that provides essential Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) properties and techniques for web developers and designers. It serves as a handy tool for creating and maintaining stylesheets, with a focus on achieving responsive and visually appealing designs. Here’s a glance at key elements typically found in a CSS cheat sheet

1. Viewport Meta Tag: Set the viewport properties for better mobile responsiveness.

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

2. Media Queries: Segregate styles based on screen sizes, enabling responsive design for various devices.

/* Small screens (phones) */
@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {
  /* Your styles for small screens here */
}

/* Medium screens (tablets) */
@media only screen and (min-width: 601px) and (max-width: 1024px) {
  /* Your styles for medium screens here */
}

/* Large screens (desktops) */
@media only screen and (min-width: 1025px) {
  /* Your styles for large screens here */
}

3. Responsive Images: Ensure images adapt to different screen sizes by setting a maximum width and auto-adjusting height.

img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

4. Flexbox for Layout: Utilize flexbox properties for creating flexible and efficient layouts.

.container {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.item {
  flex: 1; /* Adjust as needed */
  min-width: 0; /* Fixes overflow issues in some cases */
  box-sizing: border-box; /* Include padding and border in the element's total width and height */
}

5. Responsive Typography: Adjust font sizes based on screen dimensions for optimal readability on different devices.

body {
  font-size: 16px;
}

/* Adjust font size for smaller screens */
@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {
  body {
    font-size: 14px;
  }
}

6. Hide/Show Elements: Control the visibility of elements on different screen sizes using CSS display properties.

/* Hide element on small screens */
.element-to-hide {
  display: none;
}

/* Show element on small screens and hide on larger screens */
.element-to-show {
  display: block;
}

@media only screen and (min-width: 601px) {
  .element-to-hide {
    display: block;
  }

  .element-to-show {
    display: none;
  }
}

7. Grid Layout: Employ grid layout techniques for creating sophisticated and responsive multi-column designs.

.container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
  gap: 20px;
}

8. Box Sizing: Adjust the box model to include padding and border in the total width and height of an element.

/* Apply box-sizing to all elements on the page */
* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

/* Style for a container with padding and border */
.container {
  width: 50%;
  padding: 20px;
  border: 2px solid #333;
  margin: 20px auto;
}

/* Style for an element inside the container */
.box {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: #f0f0f0;
  /* The total width of this box will include padding and border */
}

9. Fluid Containers: Design containers with percentage-based widths for fluid layouts that adapt to different screens.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <style>
    body {
      margin: 0;
      font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
    }

    /* Create a wrapper with a maximum width for the page content */
    .wrapper {
      max-width: 1200px; /* Adjust as needed */
      margin: 0 auto; /* Center the content horizontally */
      padding: 20px; /* Add some padding for better readability */
    }

    /* Create a fluid container */
    .fluid-container {
      width: 100%; /* Occupy the full width of its parent */
      background-color: #f0f0f0;
      padding: 20px;
      box-sizing: border-box; /* Include padding and border in the total width */
      margin-bottom: 20px; /* Add some margin for spacing between containers */
    }
  </style>
  <title>Fluid Containers Example</title>
</head>
<body>

  <!-- Wrapper for page content -->
  <div class="wrapper">

    <!-- Fluid container 1 -->
    <div class="fluid-container">
      <h2>Fluid Container 1</h2>
      <p>This container adjusts its width to the size of its parent.</p>
    </div>

    <!-- Fluid container 2 -->
    <div class="fluid-container">
      <h2>Fluid Container 2</h2>
      <p>Another fluid container with different content.</p>
    </div>

  </div>

</body>
</html>

10. Color and Background: Set colors and backgrounds using hexadecimal, RGB, or HSL values for aesthetic appeal.

body {
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
  background-color: #f4f4f4; /* Set a background color for the entire page */
  color: #333; /* Set the text color */
  margin: 0;
}

/* Header styling */
header {
  background-color: #2c3e50; /* Set a background color for the header */
  color: #ecf0f1; /* Set the text color for the header */
  padding: 10px;
  text-align: center;
}

/* Main content styling */
.main-content {
  padding: 20px;
}

/* Paragraph styling */
p {
  color: #555; /* Set a different text color for paragraphs */
}

/* Link styling */
a {
  color: #3498db; /* Set a text color for links */
  text-decoration: none; /* Remove underline from links */
}

/* Hover effect for links */
a:hover {
  color: #2980b9; /* Change text color on hover */
}

/* Button styling */
.action-button {
  background-color: #e74c3c; /* Set a background color for the button */
  color: #fff; /* Set the text color for the button */
  padding: 10px 20px;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 5px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 16px;
}

/* Hover effect for buttons */
.action-button:hover {
  background-color: #c0392b; /* Change background color on hover */
}

11. Transition and Animation: Implement smooth transitions and animations to enhance user experience.

body {
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
  background-color: #f4f4f4;
  color: #333;
  margin: 0;
}

/* Button styling with transition */
.button {
  background-color: #3498db;
  color: #fff;
  padding: 10px 20px;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 5px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 16px;
  transition: background-color 0.3s ease; /* Smooth transition for background color */
}

/* Hover effect for buttons */
.button:hover {
  background-color: #2980b9;
}

/* Animation styling */
@keyframes slideIn {
  from {
    transform: translateX(-100%);
  }
  to {
    transform: translateX(0);
  }
}

/* Animated box */
.animated-box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: #e74c3c;
  margin-top: 20px;
  animation: slideIn 1s ease; /* Use the 'slideIn' animation with 1s duration and ease timing function */
}

12. Positioning: Use positioning properties (absolute, relative, fixed) for precise element placement.

body {
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
  background-color: #f4f4f4;
  color: #333;
  margin: 0;
}

/* Header styling */
header {
  background-color: #2c3e50;
  color: #ecf0f1;
  padding: 10px;
  text-align: center;
}

/* Navigation styling */
nav {
  background-color: #3498db;
  color: #fff;
  padding: 10px;
  text-align: center;
}

/* Main content container */
.main-content {
  padding: 20px;
}

/* Example of absolute positioning */
.absolute-box {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50px;
  left: 50px;
  width: 150px;
  height: 150px;
  background-color: #e74c3c;
  color: #fff;
  padding: 10px;
}

/* Example of relative positioning */
.relative-container {
  position: relative;
  height: 200px;
  background-color: #2ecc71;
}

.relative-box {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: #fff;
  color: #333;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 100px;
}

/* Example of fixed positioning */
.fixed-box {
  position: fixed;
  bottom: 20px;
  right: 20px;
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: #3498db;
  color: #fff;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 100px;
}

13. Selectors: Understand and utilize CSS selectors to target specific HTML elements for styling.

/* Universal Selector */
* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

/* Type Selector */
body {
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
  background-color: #f4f4f4;
  color: #333;
}

/* Class Selector */
.header {
  background-color: #2c3e50;
  color: #ecf0f1;
  padding: 10px;
  text-align: center;
}

/* ID Selector */
#main-heading {
  font-size: 24px;
}

/* Descendant Selector */
nav ul {
  list-style: none;
  background-color: #3498db;
  padding: 10px;
  text-align: center;
}

/* Child Selector */
nav > ul > li {
  display: inline-block;
  margin: 0 10px;
}

/* Attribute Selector */
a[href^="https://"] {
  color: #27ae60;
}

/* Pseudo-class Selector */
a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Grouping Selector */
h1, h2, h3 {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

/* First Child Pseudo-class */
.main-content p:first-child {
  font-weight: bold;
}

/* Last Child Pseudo-class */
.main-content p:last-child {
  color: #e74c3c;
}

14. Overflow: Manage content overflow within containers using overflow properties.

body {
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
  background-color: #f4f4f4;
  color: #333;
  margin: 0;
}

/* Container with hidden overflow */
.overflow-hidden {
  width: 300px;
  height: 200px;
  overflow: hidden; /* Hide content that overflows the container */
  border: 1px solid #3498db;
  margin: 20px;
}

/* Container with scrollable overflow */
.overflow-scroll {
  width: 300px;
  height: 200px;
  overflow: scroll; /* Add a scrollbar to access hidden content */
  border: 1px solid #e74c3c;
  margin: 20px;
}

/* Container with auto overflow */
.overflow-auto {
  width: 300px;
  height: 200px;
  overflow: auto; /* Automatically add a scrollbar when needed */
  border: 1px solid #2ecc71;
  margin: 20px;
}

/* Container with visible overflow */
.overflow-visible {
  width: 300px;
  height: 200px;
  overflow: visible; /* Content will overflow the container */
  border: 1px solid #f39c12;
  margin: 20px;
}

15. Pseudo-classes and Pseudo-elements: Apply styles to elements based on user interaction or document structure.

body {
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
  background-color: #f4f4f4;
  color: #333;
  margin: 0;
}

/* Pseudo-class :hover */
a:hover {
  color: #3498db;
  text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Pseudo-class :active */
.button:active {
  background-color: #e74c3c;
  color: #fff;
}

/* Pseudo-class :focus */
.input:focus {
  border: 2px solid #2ecc71;
}

/* Pseudo-class :first-child */
ul li:first-child {
  font-weight: bold;
}

/* Pseudo-class :last-child */
ul li:last-child {
  color: #e74c3c;
}

/* Pseudo-class :nth-child */
.striped-list li:nth-child(odd) {
  background-color: #ecf0f1;
}

/* Pseudo-element ::before */
.header::before {
  content: "\2022"; /* Unicode character for a bullet point */
  color: #3498db;
  margin-right: 5px;
}

/* Pseudo-element ::after */
.header::after {
  content: "\2022";
  color: #3498db;
  margin-left: 5px;
}

/* Pseudo-element ::first-line */
.first-line::first-line {
  font-weight: bold;
}

/* Pseudo-element ::first-letter */
.first-letter::first-letter {
  font-size: 24px;
  color: #e74c3c;
}

16. Transforms: Apply 2D or 3D transformations to elements for creative and interactive designs.

body {
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
  background-color: #f4f4f4;
  color: #333;
  margin: 0;
}

/* Scale Transformation */
.scale-box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: #3498db;
  transform: scale(1.5); /* Increase size by 50% */
  margin: 20px;
}

/* Rotate Transformation */
.rotate-box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: #e74c3c;
  transform: rotate(45deg); /* Rotate by 45 degrees */
  margin: 20px;
}

/* Translate Transformation */
.translate-box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: #2ecc71;
  transform: translate(20px, 40px); /* Move 20px right and 40px down */
  margin: 20px;
}

/* Skew Transformation */
.skew-box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: #f39c12;
  transform: skew(30deg, 20deg); /* Skew horizontally by 30 degrees and vertically by 20 degrees */
  margin: 20px;
}

/* Combined Transformations */
.combined-box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: #9b59b6;
  transform: rotate(30deg) scale(1.2) translate(30px, 10px); /* Rotate, scale, and translate */
  margin: 20px;
}

17. Box Shadow and Border Radius: Add depth and rounded corners to elements for a modern and visually appealing UI.

body {
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
  background-color: #f4f4f4;
  color: #333;
  margin: 0;
}

/* Box Shadow */
.shadow-box {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  background-color: #3498db;
  box-shadow: 5px 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); /* Horizontal offset, vertical offset, blur radius, color */
  margin: 20px;
}

/* Inset Box Shadow */
.inset-shadow-box {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  background-color: #e74c3c;
  box-shadow: inset 5px 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); /* Inset shadow */
  margin: 20px;
}

/* Border Radius */
.rounded-box {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  background-color: #2ecc71;
  border-radius: 10px; /* Border radius */
  margin: 20px;
}

/* Border Radius for Individual Corners */
.rounded-corners {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  background-color: #f39c12;
  border-top-left-radius: 30px;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 20px;
  margin: 20px;
}

/* Circle with Border Radius */
.circle {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  background-color: #9b59b6;
  border-radius: 50%; /* Border radius of 50% for a perfect circle */
  margin: 20px;
}

Closing

A CSS cheat sheet is a valuable resource for both beginners and experienced developers, providing a quick reference for common styling tasks and best practices. Regular updates and exploration of new CSS features will ensure you stay up-to-date with the evolving landscape of web design. Happy coding!


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